Meet "Harry"
Article by Rob Denney

 

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It has long been observed that the main requirements of any boat are space, speed and low cost, and that while any two of these are possible in a particular boat, all three are not. However, if you are prepared to sail a boat that looks different, and requires a slightly different tacking technique, perhaps it can be done.

Harry is a Pacific proa with a difference. All the accommodation is in the weather hull, always. To the best of my knowledge this has never been done before, as according to popular wisdom, a proa with a balanced rig and most of it's weight to windward will not shunt successfully. Five years experimenting with various possibilities has resulted in a boat that not only shunts, but also shunts very well. Not as quickly as a mono tacks, but considerably quicker and far easier than a lot of multis.

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One of the prototypes for Harry was "U" which featured in Multihull Magazine. That edition also contains a lot of background on proas.

Sailing Harry single handed takes less effort than any other boat I have ever sailed. Harry points high, sails fast and is very responsive: in many ways more responsive than conventional monos and multis. Harry is meant as a basic weekender for 4, or an extended coastal cruiser for a couple.

The original idea was to get my wife back into sailing, while providing me with a boat capable of coastal racing. Sue dislikes heeling, pitching, getting wet, pulling on ropes, winding winches and having to move around all the time. Her idea of sailing is sitting comfortably, watching the world go by while she sips Chardonnay and chats to her friends. Harry fills these requirements admirably.

Harry has the following attributes:

Space:

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There are 2 hulls. The leeward one handles the sailing function, is 12m long, very narrow and low and contains the rig and rudders. The windward hull (the Chardonnay side), is 7.5m long and contains the accommodation, consisting of 2 large double berths cantilevered off the inboard side of the hull, standing headroom, galley and separate toilet and shower. This layout not only puts most of the weight in the right place, it means that the non-sailing crew (wife, kids, guests) do not have to be involved with the sailing. They can sit or lie on either the contoured bench seats or the trampoline, well clear of the sailing action, and the spray. No changing sides when the boat tacks, no need to avoid travellers, winches and sheets and no getting in the way of the sailors.

The weather hull also has far fewer structural requirements. Without a cockpit, mast, rudder, centreboard or deck fittings requiring bulkheads, stringers and frames for support there is much more space available and many more options for how to use it. The weather hull is just 7.5m (25') long, but almost all of this is utilised. The built in bunks and wide open spaces make fitting the galley, benches etc much easier, lighter and quicker than on conventional boats.

The comfort is not just for the non-sailors. Harry has an EasyRig. A balanced sloop rig, on a self supporting carbon mast. This means no winches, travellers, tracks, turning blocks or highly stressed sheets. The main sheet is a simple, lightly loaded 2:1 purchase, there are no other sheets required. To tack or gybe, the sheet is released, steer onto a reach, trim the new sheet, the rudders reverse almost automatically and off you go. Marginally slower than tacking, but almost effortless, and a lot more controllable, particularly at low speed or in crowded waterways. Apart from the scenery going in the opposite direction, the passengers are hardly aware of the change. The self supporting mast is designed to flex and reduce power at a given wind speed. This automatic depowering delays the need for reefing and makes the boat a lot safer in gusty conditions.

 
Speed:


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Harry has yet to race, but will have by the time this is printed. Pictures and results will be in the next magazine. Harry's vital statistics imply that it will be no slouch. Weight 650 kgs (1,430 lb), sail area 40 sq m (430 sq'), loa 12 m (40') and boa 7m (23'). Harry is one third the weight of a typical lightweight racing 40 foot cat. Consequently it is very easily driven, (7 knots with a 5 hp outboard) so a small sail area is sufficient for cruising. The lightweight is not at the expense of strength. Pacific proas are far less stressed than conventional multis. On Harry the stress is reduced even further by placing the entire rig, beam and steering loads within 2.5m of the middle of the leeward hull.

Light though Harry is, a racing version would weigh about half as much, and with optional water ballast could carry twice the sail area.

Harry is very stable, theoretically not flying a hull in cruising mode until the apparent breeze reaches 25 knots.

Harry is also very safe. With the rig in the leeward hull, none of the sails' heeling force is trying to bury the bow; the most common cause of multihull upsets.

When it does fly a hull, the boat rotates around the base of the mast. Consequently it has a very smooth stability curve which is still positive at very high (over 75°, depending on crew location) angles of heel. If it was to capsize, the buoyant mast and boom should stop it going past 90°, and should also act as a sea anchor, enabling the hulls to blow downwind, at which time the wind should flip the boat back upright. Lots of "shoulds" in the above as it has yet to be tested, although it worked on the prototype. It will be tested on Harry in the near future.

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Harry is all timber, epoxy and marine ply, fibreglassed inside and out. It has a carbon mast and rudderstocks. It is an ongoing test bed for various ideas and is continuously being altered so although it is reasonably well built, the finish is pretty rough. The story of the building will be in a future article.

Harry is light and cheap because everything has been kept simple. It is also highly effective. Some examples:

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1) There is no metal in the boat apart from the eyelets in the sails. Metal causes stress concentrations, is heavy and expensive. Fibreglass tow in epoxy requires a bit more thought at the design stage, but spreads the load much better, does not require holes in the structure, is easy to apply and cheap.

2) The building technique is incredibly quick, a combination of the best of strip planking and sheet plywood techniques, made possible by Flexiply, a plywood with 95% of the laminate in the lengthwise direction. Each hull needs two building frames/bulkheads, and a couple of pieces of 4x2. Very simple, self aligning and difficult to mess up. No special tools are required and the finished hulls are not only relatively small in surface area, they are inherently fair; sanding, fairing and torture boarding are limited. Harry was built single handed in a 6m x 3m (20' x 10') space and assembled at the waters edge. As well as the hulls, beams and original wing mast, even the steering wheel is built of Flexiply. A competent amateur should be able to build a Harry in 250 hours.

3) The EasyRig. The name says it all. It is also low cost compared to conventional rigs and all there associated paraphernalia and has far lower ongoing maintenance costs.

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4) Rudders. Harry has two large rudders, which rotate through 360°. These not only steer exceptionally well, but also remove the need for centreboards. They can be lifted for off the wind sailing, or when shallow draft is required. The rudders are one of the reasons why Harry works so well. Even at low speeds, they operate efficiently, so shunting and maneuvering in tight situations are very simple. Carbon shafts ensure adequate strength.

5) Apart from rope (6 and 8mm spectra), the trampoline and a couple of sheaves and cleats, there is no chandlery on the boat at the sailing stage. It is far cheaper, and in many cases easier, to build the required fittings in situ.

6) The cantilevered bunks effectively halve the length of the beams, further reducing loads that are already much lower than those on cats and tris.

Harry will not be everyone's cup of tea. Sailors are notoriously conservative people, and many of them buy boats for reasons other than speed, comfort and low cost. However, for those who do want these attributes, and who aren't afraid of being different, Harry kits will soon be available for considerably less than half the price of the materials for a conventional 40 footer. The kit boat is a Harry Mark 2. The differences between Harry (photos) and Harry Mk 2 (drawings) are that Mk 2 has a much more spacious weather hull; no struts under the beams, a more rounded lee hull, smaller boom and stiffer mast. Mk 2 is professionally engineered, considerably more robust, much easier to build and a little lighter than Harry.

Kits will include
everything needed to build a boat and go sailing. That is, all the materials, Gary Martin sails, all deck gear and rigging, marine paint and long life antifouling, professionally built, one piece carbon mast and rudder shafts, detailed plans and building instructions and as much email, mail or phone advice as is required. Finishing it off ready for weekend use is a matter of personal choice, but a minimum may be: bunk mattress, outboard and bracket (or sculling oar), cooker, toilet, anchor, flares, fire extinguisher and lifejackets.

Tools required are electric screwdriver, jigsaw/sabresaw, 4" grinder, orbital sander, string line, level, straight edge and tape measure. A router is also handy for rounding edges. Professionally built Harry Mk 2s will also be available.


A trailable version of Harry is currently on the drawing board (ed. see "Harrigami").

End.



 


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